The article does in fact give an explanation for each item. (Perhaps you may not think it's eli5. I found them mostly fairly explanatory[1], but... maybe they're more eli20? And maybe fairly short and terse?)

[1] Except double-entry bookkeeping, which didn't explain anything. And the AD-AS model, which probably is not possible to explain in a concise way or an eli5 way. And...

Good one. “accountant’s view of the world” should just say, how much money you made. In other words, “everybody’s question”.