Relativity was created after experiments had already poked holes in the ether theory. It definitely broke new ground, but from what I found far more scientists viewed it as intriguing rather than inflammatory.
I would even argue that it’s inflammatory to keep developing aether theory after Michaelson-Morley. Persistently devising potentially-lucrative counterexamples: oh, that’s luminiferous aether, I’m working on electromagnetic aether. Today, the last great aether believers like Tesla get a lot of undue credit as scientists rather than as merely aether engineers.
https://daily.jstor.org/why-no-one-believed-einstein/