Microsoft's Ubuntu image seems to be ready. I guess I could see a reason to use regular Ubuntu 24 and then install dotnet manually, but these images have served us well.

docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:10.0 - Refers to Ubuntu 24.04 "Noble Numbat"

docker pull mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/sdk:10.0-noble - Refers to Ubuntu 24.04 "Noble Numbat"

https://github.com/dotnet/dotnet-docker/discussions/6801