> Parenting is, and always has been, a collective responsibility.
No, it isn't, and no it hasn't. Other people have always been involved in the upbringing of children, but responsibility for parenting has never belonged to anyone other than parents.
And the others involved have always been individuals operating within the bounds of direct trust relations with parents and children -- extended family members, neighbors, friends etc. -- and not strangers enforcing rules promulgated by other strangers.
The social context in which parenting takes place is "family", not "political state".
No, it isn't, and no it hasn't. Other people have always been involved in the upbringing of children, but responsibility for parenting has never belonged to anyone other than parents.
And the others involved have always been individuals operating within the bounds of direct trust relations with parents and children -- extended family members, neighbors, friends etc. -- and not strangers enforcing rules promulgated by other strangers.
The social context in which parenting takes place is "family", not "political state".