I would say start with:
* The Notebook: A History of Thinking on Paper by Roland Allen (This is a fast micro history that hits the highlights.)
* Too Much To Know: Managing Scholarly Information Before the Modern Age by Ann M. Blair (She is a scholar that has a lot on the subject.)
* Forgetting Machines: Knowledge Management Evolution in Early Modern Europe by Alberto Cevolini (This is a collection of pretty deep essays.)
* Paper Machines: About Cards & Catalogs by Markus Krajewski (This is about the development of paper-based databases.)
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